Impact of Design on the Activity of ZrO2 Catalysts in Cellulose Hydrolysis-Dehydration to Glucose and 5-Hydroxymethylfurfural

The one-pot hydrolysis-dehydration of activated microcrystalline cellulose was studied in pure hydrothermal water at 453 K over ZrO2 catalysts produced by thermodegradation, microwave treatment, mechanical activation, and sol–gel methods spent without any co-catalyst. prepared treatment more active compared to ones derived other methods. catalyst calcination temperature also impacted reactivity. conversion increased simultaneously with acidity SBET, which turn were set the preparation method temperature. Phase composition did not affect activity. Yields glucose 5-HMF reaching 18 15%, respectively, most promising 593 K. To our knowledge, this sample provided highest activity terms TOF values (15.1 mmol g?1 h?1) systems reported elsewhere. High stability irradiation shown five reaction runs.